How to do maintenance work of railway line

As we all know, the railway line is composed of rails, sleepers, ballasts and roadbeds. Just as roads have been around for a long time or if there are more heavy trucks, there will be many diseases on the railway lines. Today, we will introduce you to several common railway diseases and how to deal with them.

There are 4 common diseases in railways, improper gauge distance, the triangle pit, the rail direction is bad, and the mud is muddy. The methods of handling them are diversion, tamping, dialing, and clearing.

To understand how to maintain the railway, you must first understand two nouns.
Level: refers to the height difference between the left and right rails.
Gauge: the distance between two rails.
The method of detecting these two kinds of data is to use a ruler. The ruler is placed between two  steel rails. It can measure the level difference and gauge of the two rails.

Improper Gauge Distance

China Railway is now using the international standard gauge of 1435mm. At that time, the distance between the two horses in the UK was about 1435 mm, so the British used this number to define the standard gauge. Above this number is called the wide-rail railway (such as Russia), and the lower than this number is called the narrow-track (such as the Japanese speed railway). However, the actual situation will certainly not be so perfect. Due to factors such as wear and tear, it will always be wider or narrower, as long as it is reasonable within a reasonable range. Under normal circumstances, the gauge error of high-speed rail is less than 1mm, and the gauge of ordinary railway is within -2mm and +6mm. Exceeding this number will require a diversion.

Rail tie plate is required for the diversion work. It is a component of the fastener system and is available in 5 models from 0mm to 10mm per 2mm. Take the fastener system apart.

If the gauge is too large, replace the outer block with a larger one. The inside is replaced with a small one. The support rail moves inward to restore the gauge to normal.

Triangular pit

A triangular pit means that there are two different level differences on the top surface of the rail in a short distance. Generally speaking, the left strand is first higher than the right and suddenly lower than the right. This disease is generally caused by subgrade subsidence, poor tamping, loose fasteners, etc. It can cause uneven force on the vehicle and even cause only three forces on the four wheels of the vehicle. Causes the vehicle to shake violently or even derail. In layman's terms, the left-hand rail is higher than the right and suddenly lower than the right.

To deal with this disease, you first need to find the place where the disease is located. Under normal circumstances, it cannot be seen with the naked eye. It requires an experienced worker to climb on the rail and look straight ahead to see it. After finding the diseased area, place a hydraulic pacemaker under the rail floor and place it in the concave middle part. Protruding the ends of the two ends, then the hydraulic lifter will be raised to make the rails smooth. This allows the train to pass so that it does not wobble due to drastic changes in levels. After the steel rail is smooth, the ballast needs to be solidified to fix the rail at a smooth height. This completes the maintenance of the triangle pit.

Orbital orientation

The track direction refers to the irregularity in the direction of the rail inside the rail, that is, whether the rail on the straight line is straight, and whether the rail on the curve is round or not. It is mainly caused by the impact of the wheel. The way to deal with this disease is to dial the road and use the press to place the rails in an uneven position and squeeze the rails back to their original positions.

Muddy mud

Mud mud is a disease caused by soil, groundwater, engineering and other reasons. The groundwater is moved to the surface due to repeated rolling of trains. It is difficult to rectify mud and mud, and there are many methods. The longest time is to clear the bottom. Excavate the polluted ballast and fill it back into the clean ballast.